- Vatican Council adjourned due to the seizure of the Papal States.
- Declaration of Papal Infallibility.
- Publication of 'An Essay in Aid of a Grammar of Assent'.
| - Death of Charles Dickens.
| - Third French Republic proclaimed.
- YMCA established in New York.
- Construction begins on the Brooklyn Bridge, New York.
- Rome annexed by Italy, surrender of Pope Pius IX to King Victor Emmanuel ending the reign of the Papal States.
- Federal holidays Act passed in America.
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