- Declaration of Papal Infallibility.
- Vatican Council adjourned due to the seizure of the Papal States.
- Publication of 'An Essay in Aid of a Grammar of Assent'.
| - Completion of the Ordnance Survey of England.
- Establishment of the British Red Cross.
- Opening of Keble College, Oxford.
- Death of Charles Dickens.
| - Third French Republic proclaimed.
- YMCA established in New York.
- Construction begins on the Brooklyn Bridge, New York.
- Rome annexed by Italy, surrender of Pope Pius IX to King Victor Emmanuel ending the reign of the Papal States.
- Federal holidays Act passed in America.
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